PolarDB PG

使用阿里云开源的 PolarDB for PostgreSQL 内核提供国产信创资质支持，与类似 Oracle RAC 的使用体验。

概念

PGSQL

概览

Pigsty 允许使用 PolarDB 创建带有 “国产化信创资质” 的 PostgreSQL 集群！

PolarDB for PostgreSQL 当前以 PostgreSQL 17 为基线，Pigsty 中的 polar 模板、默认路径与扩展说明也已经同步到 PG17。任何兼容 PostgreSQL 线缆协议的客户端工具都可以访问 PolarDB 集群。

Pigsty 的 PGSQL 仓库中提供了 PolarDB PG 开源版安装包，但不会在 Pigsty 安装时下载到本地软件仓库。

安装

使用 Pigsty 内置模板：

./configure -c polar
./deploy.yml

变更摘要

从 Pigsty v4.4 开始，PolarDB PG 内核将直接使用 pigsty 构建打包的版本，主要变化如下：

项目	旧文档 / 旧默认值	当前值
内核基线	PostgreSQL 15	PostgreSQL 17
默认 PolarDB 路径	`/u01/polardb_pg`	`/usr/polar-17`
支持架构	`x86_64`	`x86_64`, `aarch64`
可用扩展数	旧文档正文写为 61	`pg_available_extensions` 查询结果为 93，过滤 contrib 后为 34
复制用户要求	`replicator` 需要 `SUPERUSER`	保持不变

配置

以下参数需要针对 PolarDB 数据库集群进行特殊配置：

#----------------------------------#
# PGSQL & PolarDB
#----------------------------------#
pg_version: 17
pg_mode: polar
pg_packages: [ polardb, pgsql-common ]
pg_exporter_exclude_database: 'template0,template1,postgres,polardb_admin'
pg_default_roles:
  - { name: dbrole_readonly  ,login: false ,comment: role for global read-only access     }
  - { name: dbrole_offline   ,login: false ,comment: role for restricted read-only access }
  - { name: dbrole_readwrite ,login: false ,roles: [dbrole_readonly] ,comment: role for global read-write access }
  - { name: dbrole_admin     ,login: false ,roles: [pg_monitor, dbrole_readwrite] ,comment: role for object creation }
  - { name: postgres     ,superuser: true  ,comment: system superuser }
  - { name: replicator   ,superuser: true  ,replication: true ,roles: [pg_monitor, dbrole_readonly] ,comment: system replicator } # <- superuser is required for replication
  - { name: dbuser_dba   ,superuser: true  ,roles: [dbrole_admin]  ,pgbouncer: true ,pool_mode: session, pool_connlimit: 16 ,comment: pgsql admin user }
  - { name: dbuser_monitor ,roles: [pg_monitor] ,pgbouncer: true ,parameters: {log_min_duration_statement: 1000 } ,pool_mode: session ,pool_connlimit: 8 ,comment: pgsql monitor user }

默认 polar 内核安装目录已调整为 /usr/polar-17。这里特别注意，PolarDB PG 要求 replicator 复制用户为 SUPERUSER，与原生 PG 不同。

扩展列表

PolarDB PG 内核共有 93 个可用扩展，去除 PG Contrib 自带扩展之后，还有以下额外扩展：

扩展名	版本号	说明
hll	`2.18`	type for storing hyperloglog data
ip4r	`2.4`
log_fdw	`1.4`	foreign-data wrapper for Postgres log file access
pase	`0.0.1`	ant ai similarity search
pg_bigm	`1.2`	text similarity measurement and index searching based on bigrams
pg_cron	`1.5`	Job scheduler for PostgreSQL
pg_cron_preload	`1.0`	polardb pg extend catalog
pg_hint_plan	`1.7.0`	optimizer hints for PostgreSQL
pg_jieba	`1.1.0`	a parser for full-text search of Chinese
pg_partman	`5.2.4`	Extension to manage partitioned tables by time or ID
pg_profile	`4.10`	PostgreSQL load profile repository and report builder
pg_repack	`1.5.1-1`	Reorganize tables in PostgreSQL databases with minimal locks
pg_similarity	`1.0`	support similarity queries
pg_squeeze	`1.9`	A tool to remove unused space from a relation.
pg_stat_kcache	`2.3.0`	Kernel statistics gathering
pgaudit	`17.1`	provides auditing functionality
pgtap	`1.3.3`	Unit testing for PostgreSQL
pldbgapi	`1.1`	server-side support for debugging PL/pgSQL functions
polar_advisor	`1.1`	polar_advisor
polar_feature_utils	`1.0`	PolarDB feature utilization
polar_io_stat	`1.0`	polar io stat in multi dimension
polar_monitor	`1.3`	monitor functions for PolarDB
polar_monitor_preload	`1.0`	examine the polardb information
polar_parameter_manager	`1.2`	Extension to select parameters for manger.
polar_proxy_utils	`1.0`	Extension to provide operations about proxy.
polar_resource_manager	`1.0`	a background process that forcibly frees user session process memory
polar_smgrperf	`1.0`	smgr perf test extension
polar_tde_utils	`1.0`	Internal extension for TDE
polar_vfs	`1.0`	polar virtual file system for different storage
polar_worker	`1.1`	polar_worker
prefix	`1.2.0`	Prefix Range module for PostgreSQL
roaringbitmap	`0.5`	support for Roaring Bitmaps
sequential_uuids	`1.0.3`	generator of sequential UUIDs
varbitx	`1.1`	varbit functions pack